from Hacker News

My first year freelancing

by Alan01252 on 5/15/13, 9:09 PM with 64 comments

  • by tptacek on 5/15/13, 10:00 PM

    It's good to do the exercise of doubling your salary and backing it out to an hourly to figure out what your cost floor is, but it's easy to show how this still gets you an under-the-market result: consulting companies can pay market salaries, handle 70-80% utilization, and still have strong margins.

    The "correct" way to work out your rates is to raise them until you drop down to a target utilization rate by shedding the clients who don't value your work. It's awfully hard to do this in practice, but it gives you an idea of what you're aiming for.

    As always, let me remind you: don't bill hourly. You are not a furniture mover.

  • by shawnee_ on 5/15/13, 11:25 PM

    Retainers are a great way to add security to what is ( or can be ) a pretty uncertain financial path, however they don’t come without risks. You have to make sure any retainer you agree to works for both you and the client. If the client is asking for 24/7 on call support you either need to refuse, or charge enough for this support that you could then afford another two of you to look after the customer.

    The best solution I've found is to require a Good Faith Deposit. ( http://www.hackeress.com/goodfaith ) For this, charge ~ what you'd charge for 1 day of work, even if the client just wants to meet "for coffee". It's really hard to draw the line where the chitchat ends and the actual work / scope-framing / brainstorming begins. How many times have interviewers brought in or set up phone interviews with people they have zero intention of hiring, just to "pick their brains"? I ended up learning the hard way that this happens way too often. By the time I figured it out, I was out a lot of wasted time. (WePay and a couple other companies did this to me after my post here on HN awhile ago).

    I call it a Good Faith deposit because even though non-contractual meetings of Good Faith should be the norm, they're _not_. Getting viciously screwed over as an employee and a contractor (and even as an interviewee) more than a couple times brings this harsh reality into focus. So I made a decision going forward: the ONLY kind of clients I want to team with are those willing to respect my time and experience enough to work with me in Good Faith.

  • by akamaka on 5/15/13, 10:02 PM

    Great blog post, and congratulations on your success so far.

    My biggest problem so far with trying to work as a freelancer has been figuring out exactly what type of work I should be pursuing. I've got a pretty broad skill set, from back-end to front-end web programming in several languages, adequate graphic design skills, and experience with native mobile platforms. While having more skills is a good thing, I feel like it makes it more difficult to market myself successfully.

    Has anyone else had this problem? Did you try to focus on one area that you liked the most? Did you pursue what seemed to be in greatest demand? Or did you find a way to successfully market yourself without limiting yourself to one type of work?

  • by 6twenty on 5/15/13, 11:15 PM

    Great article. One thing I'm struggling with as a freelancer is finding clients - I'm based in a small town in New Zealand, so I'm a long way from the opportunities in the UK and USA. How do you track down and approach new clients (who are likely to be happy with your rate)?

    I also feel like being in New Zealand hampers my ability to charge a higher rate. I don't know for sure, but I suspect that companies here are used to paying lower rates simply because there's less talent here than overseas.

  • by tunesmith on 5/15/13, 11:59 PM

    I've never understood all the salary-to-hourly conversion formulas. In my experience, they are different markets and different kinds of workers. It sounds like this particular formula roughly equates a $100/hr contractor (working at fulltime) as a $100k/year employee. Other people say that you should take your salary (in thousands) and then double it to get your freelance hourly rate, but to me that seems ridiculous. $100/hr sounds great to a 50k employee, but 50k sounds laughable to a $100/hr contractor. Others say to take your salary (in thousands) and add 20% overhead, but that still seems pretty ridiculous.

    At more senior levels, it seems swapped. Contractor rates seem to have a pretty strong resistance point around $120/hr (if you go by a recent hacker new survey), I think partly because if you go above that point, that's what agencies and consultancy firms and teams tend to charge. Meanwhile, salaries for the same general technical fields seem to go higher than that pretty easily. I'm seeing 130k - 150k pretty commonly in java enterprise positions, more when you figure in bonuses with big companies.

    Seems like people at around that level would be well-served to switch to daily or weekly billing, but when you're working with larger companies or vendors, that's a pretty big switch for them. I've tried that approach with a Very Large company and was shut down pretty quickly.

  • by bmac27 on 5/15/13, 10:06 PM

    A potentially stupid but relevant question as I'm just getting my feet wet in the consulting arena: does discipline matter at all when it comes to this doubling/tripling of day job rate formula?
  • by illdave on 5/16/13, 8:11 AM

    If you're looking to start freelancing - keep in mind that you'll need some money in reserve as it can take quite a bit longer to be paid (i.e. if you do a month's work and bill at the end of it, you can't rely on them immediately paying that invoice).

    From my experience, invoices that say "Payment due within 14 days" have a greater chance of being paid quickly than invoices that said "Payment due on receipt".

    Also, the general rule of thumb is - if you're not sure you're charging the right amount, you're almost certainly undercharging.

  • by SkyMarshal on 5/17/13, 1:23 AM

    >A lot of freelancing is being able to understand who a good client is and a bad client. We as developers are incredibly privileged right now, supply seems to be heavily out striping demand and therefore we can afford to be picky.

    I suppose what you mean here is that supply of work is heavily outstripping demand for it, but a better way of saying that is demand for developers is heavily outstripping supply of them.

  • by scottshea on 5/15/13, 9:38 PM

    Totally agree on the price. There have been many of these types of posts on HN in the time I have been following it and all have said the same thing.
  • by timjahn on 5/15/13, 10:41 PM

    Some great advice in this post. I think the importance of staying in touch with colleagues cannot be overstated.

    Your network is your greatest asset.

  • by justplay on 5/16/13, 9:08 AM

    I am also freelancer but not so experienced. But my client love my work and They use to come back to me when ever they need help. Usually I don't charge my client as hourly rather the work I did.